From that thread
"The eductor works exactley like a venturi valve for those who have them or actually on the same principle as an airplane wing.
Try blowing air across a piece of paper and watch it lift up.
As a fluid flows over a surface it creates a local of lowered pressure. So at the tip of a nozzle, even you're regular closed loop outputs, the pressure is lower than the rest of the tank. This can be seen by food or debris being sucked into the flow.
As the water leaves the initial nozzle it is under lower pressure. This causes other water around it to get sucked into the flow. This flow then carries it into a divergent nozzle. Since water is incompressible, the speed of the water decreases so that your volume flow rate stays constant (high flow through small part=slower flow through big part)
The role of the diffuser is to reduce back pressure on the nozzle caused by the turbulent injection and dejection of the water. The final cross-sectional area of the diffuser is determined based its throat (skinny part). So this final area has to be constant for a given nozzle and throat.
Also, the longer the transition from this fast, low pressure water flow to slower, high pressure water, then essentially the more efficient the eductor will be.
What penguin did was shorten the diffuser so it would be more attractive, but they sacrificed efficiency. By doing this, they created more back pressure on the nozzle and thus the pump.
So the penductor is just not as good as the eductor, but it's smaller so fits in more applications.
So Obi, You can pick whatever length you want of diffuser, with longer being better. But the final cross-sectional area has to be maintained, so you can't just cut it.
Well you could I guess, but this would lead to a fast stream of water and seriously effect the eductors ability to "Pull" more water into the flow."