Vinegar (dilute acetic acid, approx. 5%) might be incompatible with acetate based adhesives such as polyvinylacetate (often abbreviated PVA) or poly acetate polymers.
Most plastics, including acrylics (aka, polymethylmethacrylate) and polycarbonate should be fine using vinegar. These are two of the most commonly used polymers we find around aquariums.
Exceptions include Vortex wet sides, which should be cleaned with citric acid solution. It may be advisable to clean other power heads and pumps in citric acid as well, to be sure/careful.
If in doubt, and/or you suspect phosphate deposits, use a 5-10% citric acid solution by weight.
For example:
5 grams citric acid + 95 grams DI water =
5% citric acid solution.
Always slowly add acids to the water (not the other way around) & stir continuously while diluting, preferably using a plastic spoon or spatula and glass or plastic container.