The black lines are bypass valves for testing purposes. When i built this one i had a some nae sayers. So I tested all aspects of this idea to prove it works. Pressure and TDS turned to be just as I predicted.
Mathematical if TDS was the only factor effect membrane life then yes. The life of the second membrane would be 20% shorter than the first, and the third 20% than the second. But in reality the membrane life is not much shorter at all. TDS by itself does not effect membrane life very much. You can find people with 300 tds tap water RO membranes lasting as long as people with 100tds tap water membranes. Some reasons are other things that are more responsible for membrane life than TDS. Chlorine, magnesium, calcium, iron, Solids... I have made over 16,000 gallon of water with mine same membranes with no signs of any degradation. Even if it did shorten the life of the membrane 20% the savings more than off set it.
Our water TDS in GA is VERY low my waste water after the third membrane right now is below 60 TDS. My good water is LESS than 1 TDS before the DI. here an example of how it effect TDS.
TDS
Tap water 100 PPM TDS
1st membrane inlet 100 TDS = 2 TDS good water & 120 TDS waste water
2nd membrane inlet 120 TDS = 2.36 TDS of good water & 144 TDS of waste water
3rd membrane inlet 144 TDS = 2.88 TDS of good water & 172.8 TDS of waste water
So your TDS of your good water is the averaged (because they are mixed together before going to DI) is 2.41333 TDS
Note these numbers are for a 3 membrane unit getting 1:1.
Mine is now different because i reajusted my restrictor to 1 good water to 0.5 waste.