Good plan. The reason you haven't seen any nitrate readings is that nitrate is the last "toxin" phase of the cycle. You probably have ammonia detectable now, with nitrite to follow and then nitrate.
Even with seawater straight out of the ocean, the cycle is still necessary because your tank is not populated with beneficial bacteria. Very little is found in the water column; the majority is on/in the rock and sand. The ammonia from the food or dieoff will allow the growth of nitrosomas bacteria (which "feed" off of ammonia, stripping away hydrogen atoms and replacing with two oxygen atoms). This converts the ammonia into nitrite. Another form of bacteria (nitrobacter) adds a third oxygen atom, which converts the NO2 (nitrite) into NO3 (nitrate).
You need a good population of these bacteria in order to have a strong biological filter. It will build slowly, and it needs fuel to grow (which is all kickstarted by the ammonia or ammonium that your decaying matter provides as it breaks down).